Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis of Borates in Mother Liquid of Brine after Potassium Separated     

YU Xiaoping  GUO Yafei  WANG Qin  DENG Tianlong 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):391-392

正It is well known that boron exists as polyborate anions in aqueous solution.Boron atom can coordinates to three or four oxygen atoms and borate can exist as not only the monomer but also the polymer.The polymerization  相似文献   

Simulated Dynamic Evaporation of Yiliping Salt Lake Brine     

CUI Xiangmei  WU Zhiming  WEN Xianming  ZHANG Xingru 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):305-306

正1 Introduction There are numerous salt lakes in western China(Zheng Mianping,et al.,2011).Yiliping playa on the western Qaidam Basin is a magnesium sulfate subtype dry salt lake with high concentrations of potassium,boron and lithium.  相似文献   

Heating experiments relevant to the depletion of Na,K and Mn in the Earth and other planetary bodies     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(4):125540

We have studied the evaporation of Na, K and Mn from Al-Na-K- and Mn-rich silicates at various conditions. Total alkali oxide contents ranged from 5 to 20%. The evaporation rate of Na increases with temperature and decreasing oxygen fugacity and decreases with duration of heating. The loss of K is in all cases less pronounced than for Na. Heating in an evacuated vacuum furnace is more effective in removing Na and K from melt droplets than in furnaces with one atm gas flow of air or gas mixtures controlling the oxygen fugacity. The strong pumping required to keep the vacuum removes Na and K atoms very effectively. In all experiments, the rate of evaporation is determined by quasi-equilibrium between a thin layer of Na and K rich gas above the molten silicates. The results of the experiments are in agreement with several other studies.In experiments with more than one sample in the furnace, equilibration of Na- and K-rich samples with Na- and K-poor samples occurred rapidly, mediated by the ambient gas phase.The results of experiments with Mn in starting compositions showed much stronger losses of Na than Mn under a variety of conditions.Thus the nearly chondritic Mn/Na ratios in the Earth cannot be the result of evaporation of Na and Mn in Earth-making materials, as the Mn/Na ratios in evaporation residues would be much higher than chondritic ratios. Such evaporation processes may have occurred in the parent material of Moon, Vesta and Mars.The data suggest, in agreement with earlier hypotheses, that the high and variable contents of Na and K in chondrules require a gas phase high in Na and K equilibrating with chondrule melts. The volume of nebular gas parental to a certain type of chondrites was heated and Na and K were lost from the chondrule precursors to the gas phase. Subsequently the nebular parcel was compressed leading to higher partial pressures of Na and K. Flash heating then produced chondrule melts which incorporated some of the gaseous Na and K and then cooled rapidly. The large range of Na and K contents in chondrule melts reflects very local enrichments of Na and K in the gas phase. Despite these variations bulk chondritic meteorites have well defined bulk Na and K contents, implying a closed system during formation of chondrules and matrix.  相似文献   

NaCl-X-H2O三元体系25℃等温蒸发石盐流体包裹体均一温度实验研究     

李俊  程怀德  张西营  李雯霞  海擎宇  张星  周同亮 《矿床地质》2019,38(1):120-128

复杂卤水组分对于石盐流体包裹体均一温度的影响尚不明确,文章基于NaCl-X-H_2O(X=KCl, MgCl_2,CaCl_2, Na_2SO_4)三元卤水体系,尝试探讨K~+、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)对石盐流体包裹体均一温度测试结果的影响。不同卤水体系最大均一温度分析结果表明,K~+、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)的存在总体上会导致石盐流体包裹体均一温度偏大,SO_4~(2-)的存在对均一温度的影响很小。以NaCl-H_2O体系为参照,NaCl-Na_2SO_4-H_2O体系平均均一温度较之要低,而NaCl-KCl-H_2O、NaCl-MgCl_2-H_2O和NaCl-CaCl_2-H_2O体系与其相反。NaCl-KCl-H_2O体系中的KCl浓度与平均均一温度呈现负相关关系,NaCl-MgCl_2-H_2O、NaCl-CaCl_2-H_2O、NaCl-Na_2SO_4-H_2O体系中的w(MgCl_2)、w(CaCl_2)和w(Na_2SO_4)与平均均一温度则呈现正相关关系。平均和最大均一温度分析结果都显示出复杂卤水体系中不同离子及其浓度对石盐流体包裹体均一温度会产生影响。本研究对于具有复杂化学组分卤水结晶析出石盐均一温度的研究具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

青藏高原湖泊蒸发估算方法的比较研究——以纳木错为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陆美美  周石硚  何霞 《冰川冻土》2017,39(2):281-291

基于青藏高原纳木错湖面2012-2014年日尺度气象观测数据,运用五类水面蒸发模型中的9种经验式估算湖面蒸发量,分别与涡动相关实测值对比分析,优化各公式的参数,进而评价、比较优化后各式的精度和适用性。优化后的Dalton系列估算式精度最高,但要求日尺度数据,且所需参数较多,因而其应用受限;组合模型精度近似Dalton系列公式,适合在气象资料较全时使用;温度-辐射模型和温度-日长模型的精度能达到较高要求,且所需参数少,因而经济简便,是利用常规气象资料估算湖泊蒸发的优良选择;温度模型估算式的精度较差。纳木错季风气候明显,需分季风期和非季风期分别对水面蒸发进行估算,两个时段经验估算式的参数有差异。还分析了纳木错湖面观测点与周边地区四个气象站（当雄、申扎、班戈和那曲）之间常规气象因子的相关关系。其中,太阳总辐射、气温和比湿等存在着较好的线性关系,因而可以在通过线性订正后用于湖泊蒸发估算,不会产生大的误差;但风速的相关性差。  相似文献   

青海湖流域及周边地区蒸发皿蒸发量变化(1961-2007年)及趋势分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李岳坦  李小雁  崔步礼  伊万娟  张强  孙久虎 《湖泊科学》2010,22(4):616-624

采用单调趋势的非参数统计检验Mann-Kendall(M-K)法和灰色关联分析方法对青海湖流域及周边地区1961-2007年20cm小型蒸发皿蒸发量及其影响气候因子的变化趋势进行了分析.结果表明,近47a来青海湖流域及周边地区的蒸发皿蒸发量平均每年减少4.47mm,各季节的蒸发皿蒸发量除秋季变化不显著外,其它各季以0.55-1.83mm/a的速率减小,其中春季减幅最大,其次是夏季,冬季减幅最小;日照时数的减少导致了气温日较差变小和空气饱和差的减小,是造成该研究区域蒸发皿蒸发量减小的主要原因.  相似文献   

甘肃省不同气候区蒸发量变化特征及其影响因子研究   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

王素萍  张存杰  韩永翔 《中国沙漠》2010,30(3):675-680

蒸发量是研究水分平衡和气候变化的一个非常重要的参数。众多研究普遍认为,近几十年来,国内外大部分区域蒸发量总体上呈下降趋势,且认为太阳总辐射、净辐射、日照时数以及风速的减小是造成蒸发下降的主要原因。研究也发现,在不同的区域,因地形、地理位置以及气候的差异,蒸发量的变化趋势、变化幅度和主要影响因子也存在差异。利用甘肃省4个不同气候区代表站1970—2007年的实测气象资料,分析了近38 a来各站潜在蒸发量及20 cm蒸发皿蒸发量的变化特征,同时,通过分析各站主要气象要素的变化特征,探讨了影响各站蒸发量变化的主要气象因子。结果表明,与国内外大多数区域不同,近38 a来,甘肃省4个不同气候区代表站的蒸发皿蒸发量均呈增加趋势,且从暖干区向冷湿区,蒸发皿蒸发量依次由明显的增加趋势逐渐转变为不变或微弱的增加趋势;位于亚热带湿润区的文县和暖干区的敦煌站潜在蒸发量均呈下降趋势;位于高寒湿润区的玛曲站,潜在蒸发量表现为微弱的上升趋势;中温带干旱区马鬃山站潜在蒸发量表现为明显的上升趋势;各气候区中蒸发的影响因子有所不同,但无论是干旱区还是湿润区,动力因子——风速的显著减小是导致潜在蒸发量显著减少的最重要原因,而热力因子是影响蒸发皿蒸发量的主要因子。  相似文献   

A long-term annual water balance analysis of the Araçuaí|River Basin, Brazil     

LEITE Mariangela Garcia Praç  a  FUJACO Maria Augusta Gonç  alves 《地理学报》2010,20(6):938-946

Semi-arid and arid areas exhibit great temporal variability in water availability. In some of these regions, a one- or two-day rainfall is followed by intervening dry periods of variable length. In recent decades, many rivers of the semi-arid portion of the Jequitinhonha Basin have been undergoing a progressive discharge reduction, mainly of their base flow, the Araçuaí River is one of them. In order to understand this transformation, a long-term analysis of the annual water balance of the Araçuaí River Basin was performed, the results of which are presented herein. Satellite images, hydrometeorological and river discharge data were analyzed; mean and variance tests were conducted to determine temporal homogeneity. Historical pluviometric data analysis shows no corresponding precipitation reduction and temperature undergoes only a slight increase in the same period. On the other hand, evaporation is extremely high, higher than precipitation during most of the year, leaving almost no water for infiltration (aquifer recharge) and runoff. Furthermore, the Araçuaí headwaters of its tributaries are now occupied by a monoculture, Eucaliptus sp., used for paper production. Because of the decreased fluvial discharges, its lowlands, usually used for agriculture and pasture, are abandoned and partially eroded.  相似文献   

气候变暖背景下洱海水面蒸发量的变化及影响因素   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

黄慧君  王永平  李庆红 《气象与环境学报》2010,26(1):32-35

利用1962-2008年洱海水面蒸发量资料和大理气象观测资料,基于气候变暖背景下,对洱海水面蒸发量的变化及影响洱海水面蒸发量变化的直接气候因子进行分析。结果表明：随着气候变暖,洱海水面蒸发量不仅没有增加反而呈现减少趋势,洱海水面蒸发量和气温的相关性并不显著。洱海水面蒸发随着总云量和相对湿度的增加而减小,随着平均风速和日照时数的增大而增大。引起洱海水面蒸发量逐步减少的主要原因是总云量呈增多趋势。  相似文献   

长江流域潜在蒸发量和实际蒸发量的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王艳君  刘波  翟建青  苏布达  罗勇  张增信 《气候变化研究进展》2011,7(6):393-399

针对“蒸发悖论”科学问题,从长江流域实际蒸发量变化的原因着手,探讨实际蒸发量与潜在蒸发量之间的关系。研究结果表明：一般情况下当干燥度指数R<0.8时,实际蒸发量与潜在蒸发量为明显的正相反关系,当0.81.0时,实际蒸发量与潜在蒸发量为明显的互补关系。  相似文献